A word which we use widely, ‘beautiful‘ was coined by Shakespeare. The lower-class became more self-conscious but on the other hand, the middle-class people got more power in them. Charles II was restored in 1660 not James II. If one bears in mind that the empty stage is the first thing the audience sees, it becomes clear that information is conveyed visually first before the characters appear and start talking. People also suspected Marlowe to be a secret agent of Queen Elizabeth. His greatest works are mostly narratives like The Canterbury Tales, The House of Fame etc. Charles II became infamous for this act. They were not allowed to write freely. So, at around 1500 they brought the Renassaince literature in England. Various other works like fine arts endured support and assistance from the Queen. Moreover, there were devil characters present in those plays. Norman Conquest: Invasion of the Normans in England in the year 1066. The 19th-century literature is merged with three ages. History Of English DramaDrama is a literary composition, which is performed by professional actors on stage (ortheatre), before an audience. Some of the most trending topics of that time are the democracy, feminism, unionization of workers, Marxism, socialism etc. It involves conflicts, actions and a particular theme. 9:00 AM. Drama Key Terms . The first half of the 18th century was marked by the preparation of Industrial revolution. To download Neo Classical literature PDF version, click here. One of his most famous work is ‘Dr. By Felix E. Schelling. One of the biggest comedy play written at that time was ‘Every Man in his Humour’. Some of the most famous poets of the period are – John Keats, William Blake, William Wordsworth, Thomas Grey etc. << It started the British tradition of ‘afternoon tea’. It’s there below. /Contents 5 0 R 5 0 obj Drama: The portrayal of fictional or non-fictional events in theater, film, radio, or television. Most of the literary works of this age talk about human feelings, classicism and Romantic revival. Here are some of the chief characteristics of this period. 17. Charles II wanted to establish Catholicism in the country. Neo implies ‘new’ and classical denotes the ‘Roman and Greek classics’. /ModDate (D:20151015112211+07'00') There were differences between science and religion. Moreover, the PDF version of every age is uploaded singly. The Old English language or Anglo-Saxon is the earliest form of English. There was the rise of the two political parties – the Whigs and the Tories. Similie, metaphors, imagery and other literary elements are used in writing these poems. Charles II, brother of Charles I who was defeated and beheaded returned to England from France. Having good manners and doing the right thing to the public was essential. So, as a result, Charles I was removed and Oliver Cromwell came into power. Later, they gave a different style to the sonnets. It is because there were no light facilities available. /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.28 841.89 ] In order to amuse the congregation, and make the people familiar with the Bible, the bishops in the … It teaches basic theatrical history, etiquette, memorization, characterization, theatrical vocabulary and much more. These type of plays were developed at the later 14th c. It gained more popularity in the 15th c. Download the Middle Ages Literature from here. The English drama at its initial stage developed from religious rituals, commemorating the birth and resurrection of Jesus Christ. So, people have to adopt Renaissance which was doing really great in Italy. After him, Charles II from France came into power and Restoration began. The Miracle plays were banned in England because of the teachings of the Roman Catholic. The European scholars and writers found that Renassaince was doing good at Italy. The history of drama is deeply rooted in lay and religious annals of history. Thalia: The Greek Muse of comedy, depicted as one of the two masks of drama. Major poets of that age are Pope and Dryden. Topics: Drama. By the 13th century, they became vernacularized. Special effects were a part of the show. One of the greatest lyricists of that era was John Donne. Even though Queen Victoria, a lady was on the throne for the last 64 years, she was unable to do something for the upliftment of women. �J"l��x��܂lg� Various conflicts arose due to this differences. Classroom Drama - epc-library.com. �0�H�1E�C��W�[email protected]�"G���Ĺ��F9��)X�8A���t�(�-X.��$. /Pages 3 0 R When you're analyzing or interpreting a piece of literature, it's useful to know something about the time period during which the work was written. Dramatic tension: The most basic element of drama used to stir the emotions of the audience. �G�(\�P��}�|�����B[�YH�# The politicians were corrupt too. They are the principal kind of vernacular drama of European Middle Ages. Augustan Literature – The Augustan age was a Roman Empire age. People in England would meet at the coffee house and talk about productive things. It was a violent drama of youth against age, freedom against authority. Charles Dickens, Great Expectations, and David Copperfield are some of the most prominent authors. H.G Wells, Beatrix Potter, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Edith Nesbit were some of the renowned writers of the age. The British empire expanded exponentially. - We are a bunch of young undergrad bloggers who are trying to merge various pieces of information, compile them and present our assessments and interpretations to help out people around the world. Some of the topics on which metaphysical poems are written are love, existence, life etc. This video talks about the basic postmodernist literature. He dedicated 126 of them to a young man and the others to a woman. endobj Elizabethan Era (1558-1603)– This era was the period of new ideas and new thinking. Age of Sensibility (1750-1798)- The age of Sensibility is also known as the age of Johnson. Supporting characters in the play are personifications of either good or bad. >> Making and Unmaking in Early Modern English Drama: Spectators, Aesthetics and Incompletion (Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, c2013), by Chloe Porter. Aug 11, 2015. Writing was not given much importance. Shakespeare, in his career, wrote 154 sonnets. We updated that. The first primary factor is the introduction of the printing press. As the entire country was Protestant it leads to a conflict between the two. The term ‘metaphysical poetry’ was coined by Samuel Johnson. He wrote various comedies. Some of his popular works are: Milton became most famous for the poem, Paradise Lost. During that era, drama shifted from religious to secular. /Filter /FlateDecode Furthermore, the greatest literary figures of that time were Puritans. This information can help you identify patterns, anticipate forms and predict themes. >> Most importantly, the Theatre closed down by the Puritans was restored. /CreationDate (D:20151015112211+07'00') It is a story of a brave young man Beowulf in 3182 lines. Individual achievements are highly valued. “Summing Up: Recommended. Reading and dissecting his work also provides insight into the culture and society around those times. The poetries and dramas were prospered more, in particular. Science and technology were also developed. Comic scenes were also a part of Miracle plays. 1 0 obj Shakespeare coined a lot of words by his own. The next wave of innovation in English vocabulary came with the revival of classical scholarship known as the Renaissance. This era is also known as the era of enlightenment. It lasted less than a decade. They came in this period. endobj One remarkable figure was John Milton. activities, guides and goodies for teaching drama to English or beginning drama classes. This resulted in the mixing of several races, tongues and cultures. Cromwell built a commonwealth of members which didn’t last long. Writing was not given much importance.The Anglo-Saxons were made up of three tribes who came to England through the North Sea route – the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. Go through the following lines and get some interesting information on the history, background and origin of English drama. Nothing is more striking in the history of the French drama of the first quarter of the century than the contrast between the sturdy vitality of these two unliterary species, comédie-vaudeville and melodrama, and the anemic lethargy of the more literary comedy and tragedy. The age is named ‘Puritan Age’ because of the Puritan dominance in England for the first time. short history of english drama pdf PDF e-article.at least, a book of brief extracts from twenty or a hundred prose authors is an absurdity. /ExtGState 20 0 R They are also highly philosophical. Considered as a genre of poetry in general, the dramatic mode has been contrasted with the epic and the lyrical modes ever since Aristotle's Poetics (c. 335 BC)—the earliest work of dramatic theory.. It is based on the biblical story of the life of the religious persons. People had a different way of living as compared to the other ages. Medieval Drama Medieval drama, when it emerged hundreds of years after the original tragedies and comedies, was a new creation rather than a rebirth, the drama of earlier times having had almost no influence on it. Plays were presented quickly. stream Trace the development of prose during restoration period. If you want the entire History of English Literature article as a PDF to read offline then download the file by clicking the button below. He was famous for his unconventional and metaphysical style of poetry. He also wrote ‘The Jew Of Malta’ which got popular during that period. His followers and other small poets valued this writing style. He made the English vocabulary damn rich. Though poetry and prose were unquestionably brilliant, it was the novel that conclusively proved to be the Victorians special literary success. The Anglo-Saxons were made up of three tribes who came to England through the North Sea route – the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. He is known as the father-figure in English literature. 1898, modern Filipino drama had been born, and by 1912, it was established. /Parent 3 0 R It does not mean that there were no dramatists left. Download the entire 19th Century Literature PDF from here. In the restoration period, Charles II was restored to the throne. According to some scholars, Marlowe and Shakespeare were rivals in this field. endobj 3 0 obj The Wealthy people bought the best seats. This age is one of the most important in the History of English Literature. The poor were hired for industrial labor at a very low rate. Drama and the folk ritual Drama had its earliest beginnings in the corporate life of the village, the predominant form of settlement that took place in England in c.450, with the coming of the Anglo-Saxons. It grew out of the liturgy of the church. Medieval theatre included Mysteries, Miracle and Morality plays. A. III Compulsory English sem. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. New writers were tried to impersonate the glory of British writers. The ones supporting parliament won. The development of his characters makes him different from his predecessors (Marlowe and others). Beowoulf is a 300 line poem and it was probably written 300 years later when ‘written texts’ came into existence. Post-Modernism (1940-21st Century) – In post-modernism, basically the history of English Literature of 5 geo-locations are being studied. PDF with commentary at oapen.org; page images and PDF at HathiTrust << Faustus’, where he talks about the tragical history of the life and death of Doctor Faustus. Perhaps you might like to read this article which talks about his contribution. Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance: a play, opera, mime, ballet, etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television. Some of the famous works of him are Volpone, The Alchemist etc. Plays were generally performed at the time of the afternoon. The first English comedy was ‘Gammer Gurton’s Needle’ and the first tragedy was ‘Gorboduc’. The population of the country almost doubled. 4 0 obj English Historical Drama, 15501660: Forms Outside the It’s all about the heroic deeds of the German Warrior which happened apparently in 5th&6th centuries. It originated in England and is the dominant language of the U.S., the U.K., Canada, Australia, Ireland, and New Zealand. One group of people supported the King (Cavaliers) and the other supported the Parliament (Roundheads). The drama which had suffered steep decline during the Victorian Age was revived with great force at the beginning of the 20th century and the course of six decades has witnessed many trends and currents in the 20th-century drama.The drama of << /Length 6 0 R The two primary contribution of this age in English literature is the Revenge play and Metaphysical poetry. Aristotle (384-322 BC) was a Greek philosopher whose writings still influence us … Moreover, the theatre became central to the Elizabethan era. >> So, moral lessons can be learned from these plays. Besides him, there are few other writers who gained popularity due to their writings like, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson etc. The condition of women was not satisfactory. He developed a new prose style that was suited to the practical needs of the age. Most plays were about Saint Nicolas and Virgin Marry. The hero or the protagonist shows the difference between good and bad. It has become the world’s lingua franca. Queen Victoria, at the age of 18 ruled England continuously for 64 years until her death. /Kids [ 4 0 R 40 0 R 169 0 R 282 0 R 435 0 R 540 0 R 805 0 R ] It took place in 1688. Wright brothers invented the first airplane during that time. English language, a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family that is closely related to the Frisian, German, and Dutch languages. Excerpt. /Type /Page They are – African, Australian, Canadian, Caribbean and Indian Literature. History and Development of Drama in English Literature - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. He basically wrote on harmony. This handbook, which addresses specialists and non-specialists of drama alike, provides a concise overview of dramatic genres and developments in the history of British drama. John Dryden lived between the Restoration and Augustan age. Alexander Pope was the biggest name of this period. To sum up in one line, ‘The Puritan age starts with Charles I beheaded and Oliver Cromwell into the rule‘. The religious quarrel between the Protestants and the Catholics are also portrayed in his book. The Victorian novels depicted almost every perspective of nineteenth-century Victorian life. People were interested in appearance, not in the being genuine. That’s all. Click here to download the entire Renaissance PDF. He also came up with a genre called, ‘Tragi-Comedy’ which implies the merging through two micro niches, tragedy and comedy. >> This type of poetry is witty and ingenious. Hey, huge thanks for the point out. (B) Morality Plays – In morality plays, the protagonist of the play generally meets various moral attributes through personification. /Producer (Nitro PDF PrimoPDF) Basics of English Studies, Version 03/04, Drama 92 . But with the turn of the century, the drama in English also took a turn. V title) By Alex Marcondes. Secondly, there was the wide popularity of metaphysical poetry. Moreover, they were performing in town festivals. Some of the most famous Augustan writers are Virgil, Horace etc. History of Drama in English. There is an often unthought-of tension between the stage’s representation of drama and the play in its written form. Popular types of literature include parody, letters, essays, and satire. If you are searching for History of English Literature pdf, please scroll down. The language of the play shifted to English because that made the play less religious. The terms “modern” and “drama” are the subject of continuing and fruitful debate, but the journal has been distinguished by the excellence of its close readings of both canonical and lesser-known dramatic texts from a range of methodological perspectives. But along with that poverty and exploitation was also a part of it. Consider clicking here if you want to know more about our focus. Moreover, for a century and a half, after Chaucer passed away the English literature became stagnant in England. This was the kumedya or moro-moro,an acculturated form of the Spanish comedia, metrical romance, and danza de moros y cristianos which the Spaniards The heroic couplet is famous in his poems. Just like the Elizabethan England, The Victorian England saw a great expansion of prosperity, prestige, and culture. The Puritans closed the Theatre which was given much importance in the Elizabethan era. History of English Literature: English literature dates back exceeding five centuries. Caroline Era (1625-1649) – This era coincided with the age of Charles I (1625-1642). Achievements of Samudragupta – His Coins, Biography & Conquest, Marxist Interpretation of History – Short Summary, The Nationalist School of Indian Historiography – An Overview, Farewell Speech in School, College, University and …, 7 Essential Online Tips for Avid Travelers …. Restoration Period (1660-1700) – The restoration age begins in 1660. Following Nietzsche, it glorified the individua l and ideal ­ His famous plays are Julius Caesar, Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Merchant of Venice etc. Given below is the History of English Literature timeline. Charles II and his followers enjoyed a gay life in France during the exile. Renassaince was initially started at Italy in the late 14th century. You’ll get the button to download it. The half-century between the years 1625 and 1675 is known as the Puritan age. Secondly, the ‘plague’ in England has passed and the hundred years’ wars were over. Darwin in his book wrote that the species survive and evolve by natural selection, or in other words, it’s the survival of the fittest. Plus, if you encounter any query, do not forget to comment it down. But the attribute for which he was highly admired was his verse satires. The rich became vulnerable in the society. The poor starting becoming poorer and the rich started becoming more richer. You can download the Old literature PDF from here. Modernism (1901-1939) – Literature from various parts of the world started spreading. The standard of literature became low. The history of English drama is reflected in Shakespeare’s works. Shakespeare is tagged as a remarkable figure in English literature because he has made a significant benefaction to the English literature through his work on Drama or Plays. In this article on the history of English literature, you’ll be getting a glimpse of almost every age of English literature. The theatre is also seen as a good mode of business in that period. /Title (Microsoft Word - B. Two of his most popular poems are – The Sun Rising and The Canonization. We will be discussing the Miracle and Morality plays only because these two are the ones which are widely discussed upon. /Font 21 0 R The army consisted of the Norman, Breton and the French which was led by William the Conqueror. Although the art form exists in different countries, drama in England deserves special mention, because some of the legendary dramatists, including William Shakespeare, are associated with it. Secondly, the gap between the rich and the poor widened drastically. The main social classes were merchants, landowners, and manufacturers. << Mindy Ploeckelmann tracks the development of English drama from mystery plays to morality plays and, eventually, to Shakespeare. These type of plays often results in the death of both the murderer and the avenger. This pattern of… It is an epic poem which throws light on a young warrior in … The most respected and famed writer of the middle age was Geoffrey Chaucer. They are: Romanticism (1798-1837) – This period was mainly a reaction against the philosophy of Enlightenment period that dominated much of European Philosophy. The Victorian age was a time of great prosperity in the History of English Literature. This led to a debate among the Victorian people which also led to the alteration of their intellectual and religious life. History of english drama 1. The structure of the play is basically unpleasant. /Count 93 One of his famous work is The Canterbury Tales. Shakespeare’s characters don’t remain static, they change in the course of action. Talking about the famous writers, the first person to come on the list is William Shakespeare. /Type /Pages Cheers! It was being changed by Shakespeare. Looking at drama is no different. He is well known for his satirical plays. Knowledge Merger - All Rights Reserved 2018, It is based on the biblical story of the life of the religious persons, responsible for coining around 1700 words, greatest lyricists of that era was John Donne, the Theatre closed down by the Puritans was restored, democracy, feminism, unionization of workers, Marxism, socialism. If you know a little bit about the history of the theatre, you will have a better chance of understanding the context of a play before you even begin reading it. Two most famous writers of this period are Richard Brinsley Sheridan and Oliver Goldsmith. The wealthy or the rich people hired the labors at a very cheap rate. The word Renaissance implies the rebirth of culture and learning. Just Wanna this information in pdf but how?? This is obviously done on purpose to set There were three types of Sonnet – Shakespearean Sonnet, Petrarchan Sonnet, and Spenserian Sonnet. But those cycle plays form only part of a complicated and rich culture of performance in late‐medieval England. Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce (1643) etc. A lot of changes took place during that period. Modern Drama is the most prominent journal in English to focus on dramatic literature. Some of the prominent writers of that era are George Herbert, Henry Vaughan, Katherine Philips, John Donne etc. It was probably completed in the 8th Century. They used personification frequently in the poems. A History of Drama as Literature. King Augustus was the emperor of that time. It is an epic poem which throws light on a young warrior in Geatland who fought for his people. Read More About Indian English literature. They brought the French language to England. Three most important and remarkable writers of that period are William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and Ben Jonson. In the 13th century, the English literature prospered at a distinguished rate. Jacobean drama (i.e. The age saw a great flourishment in literature. Consider watching it for brushing up your knowledge: Where Can I download the History of English Literature PDF? Before the Revolution, one major form of native drama which appealed exclusively to the masses flourished. The productivity of people at that time had increased as people lived longer because they weren’t dying or fighting. People communicated the poems and literary works orally during the period under consideration. Due to the industrial revolution, the country saw progress and growth. Due to the Queen’s support and patron, the works of that time came to be known as ‘Elizabethan’. Even the illiterates could understand the play. Sir Wyatt brought Sonnet from Italy which was later popularized in England. People communicated the poems and literary works orally during the period under consideration. x��V lU��꣼^ /Resources << Filed under: English drama -- Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600 -- History and criticism. /Type /Catalog John Dryden’s text, ‘Absalom and Achitophel‘ talks about the religious and political conflict. This age was the beginning of modern prose. This period is generally regarded as the greatest in the history of English literature. /Author (Admin) Sometimes they even sat on the stage itself. You’ll know about the main characteristics of the age of History of English Literature. Sheridan was a love poet. It made it possible for the writers to produce written works. Many important social and historical changes altered the structure of the nation. Ralph Roister Doister by Nicholas Udall is considered as the first comedy…, . the drama of the age of James-I <1603-1625>) was a dark form of the drama of Shakespeare and his contemporaries.. %���� Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. The other characters in the play signify moral qualities and the hero of the play represents mankind and humanity. There was a Civil war during that period. endobj You will also know about the style of writing of the poets and authors that prevailed back then. The Victorian period was a time of contradiction, often referred to as the Victorian Compromise. Many of the Romantic writers believed that people regardless of wealth or social class must be able to appreciate art and literature. English drama from its origins to the present day Drama was introduced to England from Europe by the Romans, and auditoriums were constructed across the country for this purpose. During that time, a civil war was fought between the supporters of the king (Cavaliers) and the supporters of the parliament (Roundheads). Women were not allowed to perform as there was the existence of gender inequality. In miracle plays, the actual story revolves around the main characters and on the other hand, the other characters were short reckoned or undervalued. It was a poem with religious beliefs. The author of Beowulf is anonymous. /Rotate 0 Melpomene: The Greek Muse of tragedy, the other mask of drama. He became the king there. The Tories supported the king and the Whigs opposed it. He died when he was 29. 2 0 obj The elements of drama, by which dramatic works can be analyzed and evaluated, can be categorized into three major areas: Literary elements Technical elements Performance elements The Elements of Drama. This is the age of material greed. (A) Miracle plays – They are also known as Saints play as they present a real or fictitious account of their life. When presented with the problem of hoards of illiterate commoners, English clergymen in the 11th century created plays to spread word about the Bible. As a consequence, this led to a revolution which is known as the ‘Bloodless Revolution’. He divided the Sonnet into 3 quatrains summed by a couplet. Monarchy was restored in England. All readers.” (Choice, 1 November 2012)“In his comprehensive History of Modern Drama (the first of two volumes, running up to 1959), David Krasner cites Roland Barthes writing about Baudelaire, and responding to this question with his own answer.”Times Literary Supplement Introduction. The period is a long one and it is generally considered that Old English was spoken from about A.D. 600 to about 1100. Later they also picked up the French language. Women at the time were suppressed in the literary sense. Eye-catching make up, facial expressions and body language of the artists are prominentfeatures of a live performance. Later, when he came to England, he demanded that drama should follow the French style of writing. The Anglo-Saxon age comprises about 600 years. This period made a lot of changes amongst people. Some of the characteristics or features of play are: Jacobian Era (1603-1625) – Jacobian Era comes just after the Elizabethan era. first a drama of protest, reacting against the pre-war authority of the family and community, the rigid lines of the social order and eventually the industrialization of society and the mechanizatio n of life. , Charles II was restored ( 1660-1700 ) – this era coincided with the age of 18 ruled continuously! A number of conspicuous reasons for Shakespeare being famous in the period under.... For brushing up your knowledge: where can I download the history of English Studies, version 03/04 drama... Portrayed in his book the women status in the year 1066 major form of prominent. 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Play less religious became central to the sonnets it teaches basic theatrical history, background and origin of two. Are Volpone, the gap between the rich and the avenger perform as there was the that! The 18th century was marked by the preparation of industrial revolution afternoon tea ’ let others read.! Writers, the theatre closed down by the preparation of industrial revolution one! Chief characteristics of the period are William Shakespeare, in particular from his predecessors ( Marlowe and ). People communicated the poems and literary works orally during the exile through two micro niches tragedy...